xcode4的环境变量,Build Settings参数,workspace及联编设置

05/18/2017 13:53 下午 posted in  Xcode

##一、xcode4中的环境变量

$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)

build成功后的,最终产品路径--可以在Build Settings参数的Per-configuration Build Products Path项里设置

$(TARGET_NAME)

目标工程名称

$(SRCROOT)

工程文件(比如Nuno.xcodeproj)的路径

$(CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION)

当前工程版本号

其他:

当编译静态库,设备选模拟器(iPhone 5.0 Simulator),未设置任何Build Settings参数时,默认的基础路径:

/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxWorkspace-caepeadwrerdcrftijaolkkagbjf

下面用$()代替上面一长串东东

$(SYMROOT) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_ROOT) = $()/Build/Products

这三个变量中的$()不会随着Build Settings参数的设置而改变

相反,以下可以通过设置而改变

$(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(TARGET_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(SDK_NAME) = iphonesimulator5.0

$(PLATFORM_NAME) = iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION) = Debug

$(TARGET_NAME) = UtilLib

$(EXECUTABLE_NAME) = libUtilLib.a 可执行文件名

${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} 5.0

$(ACTION) = build

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) 当前模拟器路径 

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) 当前设备路径 


$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME =

$()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

自定义变量

${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos 表示:Debug-iphoneos

${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator 表示:Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator

自定义一个设备无关的路径(用来存放各种架构arm6/arm7/i386输出的产品)

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-universal

自定义变量代表的值

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-universal

iphoneos5.0下的编译脚本:

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphoneos5.0" -arch "armv6 armv7" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO  $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

iphonesimulator5.0下的编译脚本:

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphonesimulator5.0" -arch "i386" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}"  BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

加上下面一句表示输出到文件:

> "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"

lipo脚本工具:合并iPhone模拟器和真机的静态类库,生成通用库

`lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"         "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

意思是:把"${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}目录下的.a文件,和${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}目录下的.a文件合并,

在${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}目录下,生成两个设备都通用的静态库,

例如:lipo -create -output xy.a x.a y.a

##二、xcode4中build Settings常见参数解析

1.Installation Directory:安装路径
静态库编译时,在Build Settings中Installation Directory设置“$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)”

Skip Install设为YES
Installation Directory默认为/usr/local/lib
因为Build Location默认时,.a文件会放在很长(比如:/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxProgram

dalrvzehhtesxdfqhxixzafvddwe/Build/Products/Debug-iPhoneos)的路径下,或是我们target指定的路径
Skip Install如果是NO,可能会被安装到默认路径/usr/local/lib

2.Public Headers Folder Path:对外公开头文件路径
设为“include”(具体的头文件路径为:$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include/xx.h)
在最终文件.a同级目录下生成一个include目录
默认:/usr/local/include
Public Headers Folder Path这个路径就是使用这lib的某工程需要依赖的外部头文件.导入这路径后,#include/import "xx.h"才能看到

3.User Header Search Paths:依赖的外部头文件搜索路径
设置为“$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include”
和2中路径对应

4.Per-configuration Build Products Path:最终文件路径
比如设为“../app”,就会在工程文件.xcodeproj上一层目录下的app目录里,创建最终文件
默认为$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)
等于$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)

5.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path:临时中间文件路径
默认为:$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

6.Code Signing Identity:真机调试的证书选择
选一个和Bundle identifier相对应的证书
Library Search Paths:库搜索路径
Architectures:架构,设为 armv6 或 armv7
Valid Architectures:应用框架,可以设为 armv6、 armv7 或i386
Product Name:工程文件名,默认为$(TARGET_NAME)
Info.plist File:info文件路径
Build Variants:默认为normal
Other Linker Flags:其他链接标签
设为“-ObjC”

当导入的静态库使用了类别,需要设为-ObjC
iOS Deployment Target:ios部署对象
比如可以选择设为,ios3到ios5的一种版本
Prefix Header:预编头文件(比如:UtilLib/UtilLib-Prefix.pch)
Precompile Prefix Header:设为“Yes”,表示允许加入预编译头

##三、workspace(工作区)

作用:管理多个工程(project),多工程联编

四、workspace多工程联编设置

一、

1.新建一个静态库工程,比如UtilLib,并生成UtilLib.h和UtilLib.m文件

2.选中需要公开的头文件,

把右侧栏的Target Membership中设置为public

或则,选中工程目录target的Build Phases标签的copy headers项,在public中添加要公开的头文件

3.Architectures设为:armv6 armv7

4.Valid Architectures设为:armv6 armv7 i386

5.Build Products Path设为:$(SRCROOT)/../build

6.Per-configuration Build Products Path设为:

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

7.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path设为:

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(TARGET_NAME).build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

8.设置安装路径:Installation Directory项

9.设置对外公开的头文件路径:Public Headers Folder Path项

10.为静态库添加依赖的shell脚本

选中工程目录target的Build Phases标签,点击由下角的Add Build Phase按钮

在弹出的菜单里选择Add run script项,然后页面中会多出一个Run Script项
在黑框里填写"$SRCROOT/mergeArmSymbols.sh"

建立对此脚本的依赖(编译静态库的后会运行此脚本)

如果编译时设备选的是iphone simulator:

则此脚本会在对应iphone device的产品目录Debug-iphoneos中,生成对device有用的.a静态库,

相反,如果设备选的是iphone device:

则此脚本会在对应iphone simulator的产品目录Debug-iphoneos中,生成对simulator有用的.a静态库

最后,此脚本调用lipo工具,把本工程生成静态库与此脚本生成的静态库合并,生成simulator和device都通用的.a文件

11.具体bash shell脚本如下:

mergeArmSymbols.sh
# Version 2.0 (updated for Xcode 4, with some fixes)

# Author: Adam Martin - http://twitter.com/redglassesapps
# Based on: original script from Eonil (main changes: Eonil's script WILL NOT WORK in Xcode GUI - it WILL CRASH YOUR COMPUTER)
#
# More info: see this Stack Overflow question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3520977/build-fat-static-library-device-simulator-using-xcode-and-sdk-4

#################[ Tests: helps workaround any future bugs in Xcode ]########
#
DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT="true"

if [ $DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT = "true" ]
then
echo "########### TESTS #############"
echo "Use the following variables when debugging this script; note that they may change on recursions"
echo "BUILD_DIR = $BUILD_DIR"
echo "BUILD_ROOT = $BUILD_ROOT"
echo "CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR"
echo "BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR = $BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR"
echo "CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR"
echo "TARGET_BUILD_DIR = $TARGET_BUILD_DIR"
echo "SDK_NAME = $SDK_NAME"
echo "PLATFORM_NAME = $PLATFORM_NAME"
echo "CONFIGURATION = $CONFIGURATION"
echo "TARGET_NAME = $TARGET_NAME"
echo "ARCH_TO_BUILD = $ARCH_TO_BUILD"
echo "ARCH_TO_BUILD = $ARCH_TO_BUILD"
echo "ACTION = $ACTION"
echo "SYMROOT = $SYMROOT"
echo "EXECUTABLE_NAME = $EXECUTABLE_NAME"
echo "CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR"
echo "CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR"

echo "#############Other###########"
echo "BUILD_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $BUILD_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"

echo "PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"

fi

#####################[ part 1 ]##################
# First, work out the BASESDK version number
#    (incidental: searching for substrings in sh is a nightmare! Sob)

SDK_VERSION=$(echo ${SDK_NAME} | grep -o '.\{3\}$')

# Next, work out if we're in SIM or DEVICE

if [ ${PLATFORM_NAME} = "iphonesimulator" ]
then
OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphoneos${SDK_VERSION}
ARCH_TO_BUILD="armv6 armv7"
else
OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphonesimulator${SDK_VERSION}
ARCH_TO_BUILD="i386"
fi

echo "XCode has selected SDK: ${PLATFORM_NAME} with version: ${SDK_VERSION} (although back-targetting: ${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET})"
echo "...therefore, OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD = ${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}"
#
#####################[ end of part 1 ]##################

#####################[ part 2 ]##################
#
# IF this is the original invocation, invoke whatever other builds are required
#
# Xcode is already building ONE target... build ONLY the missing platforms/configurations.

if [ "true" == ${ALREADYINVOKED:-false} ]
then
echo "RECURSION: Not the root invocation, don't recurse"
else
# Prevent recursion
export ALREADYINVOKED="true"

echo "RECURSION: I am the root... recursing all missing build targets..."
echo "RECURSION: ...about to invoke: xcodebuild -configuration \"${CONFIGURATION}\" -target \"${TARGET_NAME}\" -sdk \"${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}\" -arch \"${ARCH_TO_BUILD}\" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO"
xcodebuild -project "${TARGET_NAME}.xcodeproj" -configuration "${CONFIGURATION}" -target "${TARGET_NAME}" -sdk "${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}" -arch "${ARCH_TO_BUILD}" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO BUILD_DIR="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}" > "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"
ACTION="build"

# Merge all platform binaries as a fat binary for each configurations.

# Calculate where the (multiple) built files are coming from:
CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos
CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator

echo "Taking device build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}"
echo "Taking simulator build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}"

CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-universal
echo "...outputing a universal arm6/arm7/i386 build to: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"

# ... remove the products of previous runs of this script
#      NB: this directory is only created by this script - it should be safe to delete

rm -rf "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"
mkdir "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"

#
echo "lipo: for current configuration (${CONFIGURATION}) creating output file: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"
lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

#######custom########
#copy universal lib to ../libs
libsDir=../libs
includeDir=../include

rm -rf "${libsDir}"
mkdir -p "${libsDir}"

echo "cp -R ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME} ${libsDir}"

cp -R "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${libsDir}"

echo "cp -R ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include ${includeDir}"

cp -R "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include" "${includeDir}"

fi